Surface Undulation

The surface can also show prominent up and down displacement like the ripples on water or the wrinkles of the skin, muscles, veins, etc. This might feel similar to the roughness, but might need a different treatment to simulate this in 3D depending on how much the undulation is or how close we are to the surface.

Surface of Skin

Wrinkles on the Skin

Spend some time observing various materials and appreciating these and maybe other properties not given above. In the next module, we will see how these have been implemented in 3D software.